# Robert Epstein Up: [[Consciousness, Neural Transduction and Human Origins]] Psychologist (Harvard PhD, 1981), former editor-in-chief of *Psychology Today* (1999–2003), senior research psychologist at the American Institute for Behavioral Research and Technology (AIBRT). X: [@DrREpstein](https://x.com/DrREpstein). ## Relevance - Author of **Neural Transduction Theory**: the 2021 ScienceOpen preprint, the 2021 *Discover* essay and the 2026 SSRN preprint with Liancheng Zhao ([10.2139/ssrn.6174419](https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6174419)). None is peer reviewed. His CV lists the 2026 paper as "submitted for publication" and a book in preparation. - Promotes NTT through his own outlets: AIBRT, NeuralTransductionTheory.com and NTTDiagrams.org. This is self-promotion, not independent support. - Best known for the "search engine manipulation effect" (SEME; [PNAS 2015](https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1419828112)) and US Senate testimony on Google and elections (2019, 2023 ⚠️). His election-impact estimates are disputed. - Says NTT is speculative but testable. In 2021: "Hard evidence… is lacking at the moment." - No retractions found; no predatory-journal venues found.