# Interplanetary Colonization Non-Fiction ## [[The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space]] - Author:: Gerard K. O’Neill - Year:: 1976 - Tech level:: Large orbital habitats; industrial lunar/asteroid operations - Propulsion model:: Orbital transfer using rockets and mass drivers - Human-factors focus:: Long‑term life in artificial gravity; habitat design - Societal themes:: Space colonies as economic centers; political independence from Earth ## [[Living Off the Land in Space: Green Roads to the Cosmos]] - Author:: Gregory Matloff; Les Johnson; C. Bangs - Year:: 2007 - Tech level:: Early resource‑utilizing civilization - Propulsion model:: Low‑thrust, high‑efficiency (sails, ion, tethers) - Human-factors focus:: Robust supply chains, redundancy, environmental constraints - Societal themes:: Sustainable growth; green engineering beyond Earth ## [[Emigrating Beyond Earth: Human Adaptation and Space Colonization]] - Author:: Cameron M. Smith; Evan T. Davies - Year:: 2012 - Tech level:: Conservative near‑future - Propulsion model:: Generic interplanetary transport; focus is settlement biology - Human-factors focus:: Demography; genetic drift; psychological and cultural adaptation - Societal themes:: What constitutes a viable off‑world civilization; risk management ## [[Mars-focused mission/settlement works]] <!-- e.g., The Case for Mars --> - Author:: Robert Zubrin (and others) - Year:: 1990s–2000s - Tech level:: Early Mars bases - Propulsion model:: Chemical; aerobraking; ISRU fuels - Human-factors focus:: Confinement; partial gravity; radiation; dust; closed-loop life support - Societal themes:: Frontier societies; governance of small remote crews; economics of Mars